We were all stunned and saddened with the passing of Michael Jackson – it’s natural that we have a hard time accepting the early lost of such a talented person. Why did Michael past away in such sad and unexpected circumstances? Questions surrounding his prescription medications are being raised and the toxicology report might take up to eight weeks to reveal the facts. It is times like these that remind us to be cautions about using prescription drugs, especially potent painkillers, which should be discussed and brought to the public’s attention, to lower the risk of potential abuses.
Suffering from intense physical pain is one of the most unpleasant life experiences a person can go through. Modern medicine allows us to manage pain with over-the counter and prescription medications. When the pain level is intense and acute, prescription drugs will “take the edge off” of pain, and risks of adverse effects is low. On the other hand, when the physical pain becomes chronic, or repetitive, pain management with prescription drugs can become a very difficult task to sustain one’s physical and mental health and facing high risk of abuses. In America, problems of abusing prescription drugs can often times be bigger than street drugs.
The two narcotic analgesics (pain medications) mentioned in the media which were prescribed to manage Michael’s physical pain were Oxycontin and Demerol (from when he had suffered burns and over the years never stopped using prescription pain meds). Both of these drugs are opioid agonists which include such pharmacological effects as anxiolysis, euphoria, feelings of relaxation, respiratory depression, constipation, cough suppression and analgesia with abuse liability similar to morphine. When the 911 call happened, the description of ” not breathing”, which was respiratory arrest, could have been a consequence of the adverse effects of opioid agonists. There should not be any speculation as to what really happened to Michael as the toxicology report will not be ready for many weeks – he was under the care of a private physician, although an experienced cardiovascular nurse could have been an important person on staff for better patient monitoring and care.
The PDR (Physician’s Desk Reference) states that Oxycontin tablets are to be swallowed whole and not to be broken, chewed, or crushed (which can lead to the rapid release and absorption of a potentially fatal dose of oxycodone). When Demerol is intravenously administered, overdose can lead to circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest or death.
We need to be sympathetic with one’s suffering and pain – everyone should have an individualized pain management program depending upon certain physical and mental conditions, physical activity, diet and other habits. As for any health care provider, one needs to think about the long term health and well being of a patient, which at times might mean saying “no” to excessive requests for potent narcotics. Seeking solutions to correct the root of the problem and prevention should be at the forefront of any physician’s agenda. Initiating therapy at the appropriate point along the progression from non-opioid analgesics, like anti- inflammatory drugs (such as Ibuprofen) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) to opioid in pain management must be considered.
Michael, we all miss you! Strenuous 8-hour day rehearsals for shows set to open in London, combined different medications for treating chronic pain combined with ongoing mental stress proved a fatal combination for a true genius of our time.
One day the word “dentures” could become a historical term, once all preventive medicine has been practiced! At the present time, however, someone you are caring for may still need to rely on wearing dentures to get by with their dental health. For this reason, it should be nice to learn some facts about dentures. Usually, wearing dentures is a difficult new experience that is often hard to get used to. Time and practive will allow cheeks and tongue get used to the sensation of holding your dentures in place, if there is adequate dental ridge and muscle tone. A dental adhesive might be needed for the beginner or for someone with insufficient bone ridge or muscle tone.
When first starting to wear dentures, eating even the most simple foods may seem difficult. The foreign sensation of wearing a plastic appliance over a portion of the mouth shouldn’t feel painful – be grateful that this treatment option is available to restore your oral function and health back the best it can be! After first receiving the dentures, eat simple, non-sticky foods like yogurts, steamed vegetables and eggs. Raw vegetables and nuts should be avoided as these items tend to require rigorous use of teeth. When chewing, place food on both rear sides of your dentures to keep your mouth balanced. This is something that will become easier with time.
As a general rule of thumb, denture wearers tend to have a poorer diet than non-denture wearers, so getting a healthy balanced diet is key. If you find difficulty eating with your dentures, check with dentist as adjustments are routine to keep everything functioning and feeling as it should. Dentures should be a supplementary device intended to add to a person’s quality of life, not detract from it. Speech may also be affected by dentures, and although it may seem difficult or cumbersome in the beginning, after about a month, speech should improve. If not, speak with your dentist about the situation.
Remember, keeping your dentures clean is just as important as keeping your mouth clean. Dentures should be cleaned after each meal, during which the mouth should be cleaned with rinse or lightly scrubbed with a soft bristle toothbrush, to prevent food from sitting beneath the dentures and irritating the gum (which can lead to a fungus infection). Remember, do not sleep with dentures in – the gums need a chance to rest!
It is possible to have a fruitful, fulfilling life with dentures , if the dentures after multiple adjustments or even new sets still have problem to stay in or hurts, there are other options , maybe selections or set up of different denture teeth,ridge augmentation or dental impalnts, Be sure to find out what will be the best restorative options to regain abilit to eat healthy and feeling healthy. every 6 months with your dental professional to prevent any unexpected problems.
“Only floss the teeth you want to keep!” It’s a funny punch line, emphasizing the importance of flossing, but it’s true. Flossing your teeth after meals (and twice daily) is just as important as brushing to keep your mouth clean, healthy and fresh.
Remember to floss!
Flossing is very efficient in removing plaque and debris that accumulates between the teeth and underneath portions of the gum pocket. This should be an essential part of your daily oral cleaning process. When plaque (a sticky bacterial substance that accumulates on curved tooth surfaces and crevices) is removed, dental diseases can be prevented, along with gum problem and bad breath (which require both brushing and flossing to prevent). If one fails to keep up their oral hygiene, tooth decay and gum disease (gingivitis and periodontitis, respectively) will affect your oral health.
Proper flossing technique is also critical. Begin by taking a piece of floss (around 12-18 inches) and wrapping it around your two index fingers tightly, with plenty of slack on each side. Move the piece of floss between each tooth, wrapping the floss around the curved sides of each tooth in a C-shape, sliding up and down several times beneath the surface of the gum. Between each teeth site will be two curved sides for flossing except for the far back molars. Be sure to move the floss down as far as possible, beneath the gum line, as this loosens and breaks up food buildup and initial bacteria buildup.If you have dental bridges or braces, the flossing technique will need to be slightly altered. A dental threader will be carry the floss passing under the jointed teeth contact area, and then the individual can pump up and down in typical flossing strokes. If you notice some bleeding, it is a sign of inflammation of the gum tissue – this usually signals the early stages of gingivitis. Keep up your proper home care routine and the condition will improve. If the condition of bleeding upon brushing and flossing lasts more than two weeks, get some help from your dental professional.
There are several different types of floss (including waxed, unwaxed, and tape floss) – normally, easy gliding thin floss (like Glide) will be a good choice for average dental conditions. Gapped teeth or in areas under a dental bridge should require tape floss. Remember, you can get advice from your dental professional to find out which is the best choice for you.
For people who have arthritis, advanced periodontal conditions or other issues of dexterity, additional dental cleaning home equipment will be very helpful. Electric tooth brushes (like Rotadent and Sonicare) and dental irrigators (like Hydrofloss and Waterpik) are very efficient tools to maintain proper oral hygiene. Remember to brush and floss twice daily (and after meals)! These important habits and routines will keep your teeth healthy, happy and looking fabulous!
Brushing your teeth is probably the most universally recognized and practiced personal hygiene routine. After every meal (and both before and after sleeping), you should brush your teeth to prevent food particles from breeding harmful bacteria in your oral cavity – however, what is the role of toothpaste?
The basic benefit of a pea-sized dollop of toothpaste on your toothbrush when cleaning your teeth is its ability to lubricate – when combined with a proper brushing technique, toothpaste fortifies your brushing routine to remove plaque (built-up bacteria that grows on your teeth causing cavities, and when left long enough, gum disease).
As you probably know, toothpaste contains fluoride, which when applied to the outer enamel layer of a tooth makes the entire surface structure more resistant to decay and promotes remineralization, tooth strength and rigidity, which aides in preventing cavity formation. Fluoride can even repair early decay before damage can be seen! I have previously written about the possible dangers of fluoride, but if toothpaste is not swallowed (and application is strictly monitored by parents of children), fluoride can be a very helpful addition to toothpaste, making the use of toothpaste when brushing one’s teeth quite beneficial.
Finally, toothpaste does incorporate several special ingredients to provide different side-benefits: triclosan fights against plaque forming microbes, pyrophosphate is a tartar control agent, potassium nitrate is a desensitizer, carbamide peroxide is a bleaching agent, baking soda is a mild abrasives and PH neutralizer and sodium lauryl sulfate is detergent to carry away debris. Ask your dental professional if your dental condition requires special toothpaste in order to receive the maximum benefits of a typical tooth brushing routine. In general, the inactive ingredients in toothpaste like thickeners and water softeners provide the right consistency, moisture, flavor and sweetness for a more pleasurable experience.
If you are getting lip sores, check to see whether the toothpaste you use has lauryl sulfates, which can be irritating to certain tissues. All-natural herbal toothpastes like Tooth & Gum Paste exist which are in fact antibacterial but contain no artificial chemicals.
So remember, choose your favorite toothpastes and use them! You can even have several different toothpastes and tooth-brushes to make your tooth brushing routine more interesting! A proper brushing (and flossing) technique will keep out the stains, lower the risk of dental diseases, help freshen breath and fight mild halitosis. Be confident with your smile, brush and floss!
Being able to smile is a beautiful thing – we all deserve a beautiful one! Some of us might need some work to obtain a dazzling smile, and cosmetic dentistry has been very popular and reaching that dazzle. Just don’t let your dream turn into a nightmare while pursuing your smile make over!
If you are planning on having any elective cosmetic work done, make sure your physician is familiar with different cosmetic options and has a good training background. The most common cosmetic dentistry problems can be prevented if you do your homework, including unsatisfactory cosmetic outcomes or clinical and technical shortcomings! These problems can lead to a not so happy nor healthy smile, altered speech, gum irritation, increased tooth sensitivity , chipping, loose teeth and even breakage of porcelain (from insufficient bonds between natural teeth and porcelain veneers from an overly trimmed tooth structure or bite issue). These errors end up needing additional work (like crowns, root canals or gum surgery) and can be painful and infuriating.
It is important when considering any kind of cosmetic work – dentistry or otherwise – that you evaluate your own needs, and knowing your own health as a foundation for your own future. The consequences of only looking at cosmetic dental procedures without the health side can put your long term oral health at risk. If you have a fairly healthy mouth with well-aligned teeth, it may be easier to get satisfactory cosmetic results with the average cosmetic dentist . If you have seriously mis-aligned teeth, gum disease or lots of dental work / TMJ problems (or are prone to cavities), you have a much more sensitive oral cavity and must be very careful with who you choose to be your cosmetic dentist. Also, you may require multiple steps in order to attain a healthy, long lasting result.
It is also important to have a well thought-out plan before the procedures starts as good communication with your cosmetic dentist and technician is key. Not only is it necessary to be able to convey your desires clearly, but it is also best to go through the proper diagnostic steps to analyze the problem, plan the treatment scientifically with a mock-up or wax-up procedure and set up the detailed 3-D blueprint of your smile makeover before proceeding with dental reconstruction work. Make sure your dentist and ceramist are well experienced by asking other patients what kind of work you can expect and by checking into his or her credentials, education and training background (www.aacd.com is a good reference site). Look at pictures of past cases the dentist has worked on, and get a feel of what kind of sincerity and caring attitude the dental team will be able to provide you, in order to help make your important decision. Make sure you ask questions about what will make the procedure a long term success before proceeding the work.
It is a wonderful thing to have a great smile, but maintaining it will be just important. Proper home care and regular professional check-ups are musts – proper diet and healthy habits will keep your smile beautiful for a long time! Finally, wear a night guard if you are prone to bruxism as they can help maintain the structure of your oral system.
It is wonderful to have a dazzling white smile, and there are dozens of DIY or OTC teeth whitening products available – the demand is high! They promise to whiten your teeth in as little as 4-6 weeks, at a fraction of the cost of professional whitening done by your dental professional. Sounds like a great idea, but beaware, these fly-by-night whitening systems can potentially damage your teeth by wearing away at the enamel of your smile, weakening the teeth and leaving your oral health to suffer.0.
A study recently completed by the Ohio State University College of Dentistry evaluated the hardness of human enamel with the use of five name-brand tooth whiteners, comparing their values to non-treated enamel. Decreased hardness and elastic modulus of enamel were found in the study, and the conclusion read: “Nanohardness of human enamel was significantly decreased after usage of home-bleaching systems. The elastic modulus of enamel was also affecte by some bleaching systems”
Once tooth enamel hardness and elastic modulus has been reduced, a number of problems can start occurring. Teeth with weakened enamel are primarily more brittle and porous than healthy teeth, and are more likely to chip and break with little pressure. The savings in purchasing an OTC whitening kit over visiting your dentist could be reversed, many times over, if you were to chip or otherwise damage your teeth!
Before starting the teeth whitening process, it is best have your teeth evaluated by a dental professional – there may be a hidden cavity or weakened enamel already existing. Existing restorations, gum recession, tooth erosion and root exposure might be affected by the bleaching process. If you do decide to go through the bleaching process, keep your mouth clean, brush right after meals and beverages and brush after usage of any whitening products. This will help to maintain the health of your tooth structure. Stay away from foods or beverages that are acidic, or have a staining effect. Lastly, check into whether an added fluoride treatment could be beneficial in strengthening and/or remineralizing your enamel. It feels great to have a set of healthy whites – just be wise about your whitening decision! Speak with your dental professional for more information and go for that smile you’ve always wanted.
What are your teeth made of? What is in that precious white enamel? What is inside your teeth? Teeth play a very important role in our mental and physical health. The function of our teeth not only play a role in allowing speech, but also help us to cut and chew food as the first step in our digestion system.
It is only natural to be curious about what teeth are made of and how they function within our mouth. The root anchors the tooth below the gum’s surface into the jaw bone, while the crown of the tooth extends out past the gum. The outermost hard shiny layer of the tooth is called enamel, and is the hardest substance in the body and functions as a food grinder. 92- 96% of enamel consists of minerals (hydroxyapatite, a phosphate and calcium salt) with the remaining part being water and organic material .
Lying just beneath the hard, shiny enamel surface of every tooth is the dentin layer. This layer of the tooth is composed mainly of calcified bony-like tissue (mostly hydroxylapatite), and like bone it contains collagen, water and other organic components (and is soft in consistency). Throughout the dentin layer are tiny passageways into the deep pulpal layer, connected to the enamel layer – these passages are known as tubules. Unlike enamel, dentin continues to modify throughout a person’s entire life. Dentin can grow or reform in response to a change in tooth conditions, such as tooth decay or attrition.
The innermost layer of the tooth is known as the pulpal layer. This inner sanctum of every tooth consists of nerves and blood vessels. This pulp benefits the teeth in several ways: primarily, the pulp keeps the organic components of the teeth healthy and properly supplied with moisture and nutrients. The pulp also conduces senses such as heat, cold and trauma from the teeth into the body’s nervous system.
The important thing to remember about your tooth structure is that it is subject to change – when bacteria and other substances (like alcohol, smoke or even sugary liquid) is introduced into your oral environment, prompt cleaning (with a toothbrush and floss) is necessary to prevent premature decay. Once decay passes through the enamel layer into the dentin, decay will progress rapidly, even when not easily detectable from visual inspection. Only when the enamel has caved in and broken down does a cavity become visible. If the cavity was not treated early and the underlying dentin layer has already decayed (which can actually extend deep into the pulpal tissue), root canal therapy may be necessary, requiring a post and crown to restore the tooth. Ultimately, prevention is the best solution. Proper home care and regular dental check-ups can detect problems early, and are usually fixed easily.
Delicious tasting food really does improve our quality of life – who could get by without tasting grandma’s famous chocolate chip cookies, or your favorite Italian restaurant’s lasagna? Unfortunately, many people – in fact, over 200,000 people each year – visit a physician’s office for chemosensory problems (the sense receptors responsible for your taste perception functionality).
Imagine not being able to taste!
When we eat or drink, tiny molecules stimulate cells in the oral cavity which send messages through nerves (the chemosensors) to the brain, where the signals are interpreted. Taste cells are known as gustatory cells, and are mainly concentrated on the tongue, with periphery gustatory cells on mouth walls and in the throat. Additionally, the common chemical sense consists of thousands of nerve endings surrounding these gustatory cells which help describe to your brain the complexities of certain flavors.
While most people have perfectly functioning gustatory cells and common chemical senses, hundreds of thousands of Americans suffer from a lowering of taste sensitivity, a condition known as hypogeusia. Although the exact cause of hypogeusia is unknown, most cases of hypogeusia develop from illness or a debilitating injury such as respiratory infections, colds, etc. Certain chemicals (like pesticides) which can get into foods inadvertently can possibly cause diminished tasting ability, as well as radiative therapy drugs like bleomycin. Total taste loss is known as ageusia, though it is very rare and often misdiagnosed (or misinterpreted by a patient). Taste perception can be altered (dysgeusia) due to altered body chemistry, altered oral conditions or diet, usually resulting in everything tasting bitter, acidic or metallic.
Our chemosensory system exists primarily as a safety net, to alert us to problems in our dietary encounters. For example, when we taste a sour or unpleasant food, our chemosensory system is alerting us that a product has expired or gone rotten (preventing us from eating things that could harm our health). Losing the ability to taste food can lead to depression and a permanent loss of apatite. If you do suffer from taste loss, your doctor may be able to work with what medications (if any) you take and what your health status looks like, to recommend changes that could revive your full taste sense. If food tastes funny or metallic, see your dental professional and have him or her check whether for caries or gum issues. Your primary health care physician can also be contacted if there is a developing health issue you have, or if you have any questions.
I canceled the trip to China – it’s just not worth the risk of being quarantined for a week! Swine Flu, also known as H1N1 Influenza, has been gaining interest in the news and at health organizations worldwide, and not for bad reason – at the moment, it is the Chinese government’s nightmare that an outsider will bring in swine flu, and that the pandemic will spread just as quickly as bird flu in densely populated China. The World Health Organization (WHO) on May 11 upgraded H1N1 to a “level 6 pandemic,” the highest grade of pandemic and the first global flu epidemic in 41 years.
Countries affected by H1N1 influenza
Swine Flu is in fact a mutated form of the common flu, which behaves like a seasonal influenza- H1N1 influenza is made up of genetic elements of four rather common flu virus. H1N1 is a type A virus, the most virulent human pathogens known that cause the most severe disease among humans. Type A viruses are more prone to widespread outbreak (as H1N1 has spread to 74 countries now). It is no surprise that airports and hospitals around the world have set up screening areas and quarantine rooms for suspected influenza carriers, so be prepared if you are planning on traveling, especially to a densely populated country. It is natural that lesser developed, densely populated countries must take flu pandemics seriously as they often lack the technology, medical manpower and/or resources necessary to keep a potentially large outbreak under control.
Swine Flu spreads faster but is less fatal than Bird Flu.
Although H1N1 influenza is currently present and spreading in both pigs and humans, and can spread quickly and silently from human-to-human, it is not transferable by eating cooked pork – don’t panic over that BLT! The CDC advises using regular soap and water or an alcohol-based hand cleanser frequently to clean your hands before touching your facial features (like the eyes, nose or mouth) to lower the risk of catching the flu.
“Normally the influenza virus is spread from person to person through droplets in the air — from a person with a cough for example,” said Dr. David Satcher, a professor at the Morehouse School of Medicine and former U.S. Surgeon General. Droplets in the air can be inhaled by another person, which is probably the most common way a virus spreads.
H1N1 Swine Influenza
Also posing a risk, he said, are items that have recently touched or handled by someone infected with the flu – a fork or a doorknob, for example. Some experts endorse occasionally disinfecting household surfaces and appliances with a diluted chlorine bleach solution. You should also disinfected your toothbrushes by soaking them in an OTC strength hydrogen peroxide ( 3% H2O2) for 10 minutes – or get new tooth brushes.
Once infected with the flu, it’s difficult to know what actual strain of influenza you may have. H1N1 flu symptoms are similar to the common flu: fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. It can be difficult to distinguish between the common cold and influenza in the early stages of infection, so if you experience any of these symptoms for a prolonged period, consider a visit to your primary health care physician for a check-up.
The vegetarian diet can be very beneficial in many ways: the choice to be vegetarian has been shown to help fight illness and disease, vegetarians help the environment and make positive impacts in their carbon footprints. The diet, consisting especially of whole grain, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes can lower the risk of obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain cancers. For these reasons, many people are choosing to become vegetarian, however, the nutritional deficiencies that sometime result from the vegetarian diet can often reveal themselves during dental exams.
Even though we assume that vegetarians are well aware of what goes into their body (and are well versed in keeping proper nutritional habits up), it’s easy for vegetarians to become malnourished – especially young vegetarians under the age of 18. Common vegetarian deficiencies include calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin D, riboflavin, vitamin B12 or complete proteins. The good news is that by eating the proper combination of fruits, nuts, vegetables, grains and legumes, these deficiencies can be avoided. If you have youngsters on vegetarian diets, be sure to instill the importance of a balanced diet, and the seriousness of vitamin deficiencies, which can cause illness and other systemic problems, including dental maladies.
“An adult on a vegetarian diet for a prolonged period can be at increased risk for periodontal (gum) disease from a lack of vitamin D and calcium,” says Dr. Leibsohn of the Academy of General Dentistry (AGD). For this reason, it is very important that any adult (or parent of any child) considering “the green gateway” should first consult with their dietitian or dental professional. The specific diet you or your loved ones may be undertaking could have key deficiencies which could lead to serious health problems down the road. For example, a vitamin D deficiency can actually make your teeth and gums more susceptible to decay and periodontal disease. Vitamin D is produced in the body with sun exposure, so deficiencies are rare, but deficiencies can develop in those who do not consume milk or fish. Adding vegetable margarine or soy milk may help, though a better idea is to supplement the vegetarian diet with a weekly salmon steak, tuna salad and/or low fat cheese, milk or yogurt to supply a healthy foundation for your body and smile.
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